Ученые-креационисты отвечают своим критикам.
Дуэйн Гиш
1 L.R.Godfrey, Ed., Scientists Confront Creationism, W.W.Norton, New York, 1983.
2 Michael Denton, Evolution: A Theory in Crisis, Burnett Books, London, 1985 (available from Woodbine House, 5615 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, and the Institute for Creation Research, P.O. Box 2667, El Cajon, CA 92021).
3 Frances Fitzgerald, New Yorker, 18 May, 1981, p. 99.
4 Niles Eldredge, The Monkey Business, Washington Square Books, 1982, p. 134.
5 Webster-s Dictionary, compiled by J.G.Allee, Literary Press, Baltimore, 1981.
6 John Keosian, The Origin of Life, Reinhold Publishing Co., New York, 1964.
7 John Keosian, Origin of Life, 1978, pp. 569-574.
8 Harold Blum, Times Arrow and Evolution, Princeton University Press, 3 rd. Ed., 1968, p. 194.
9 Murray Eden, in Mathematical Challenges to the Neo-Darvinian Interpretation of Evolution, P.S. Moorhead and M.K.Kaplan, Eds., Wistar Institute Press, Philadelphia, 1967, p. 9.
10 P.T.Mora, in The Origins of Prebiological Systevs and of Their Molecular Matrixes, S. W. Fox, Ed., Academic Press, New York, 1965, p. 52.
11 H.P.Yockey, Journal of Theoretical Biology 67:337-343 (1977).
12 H.Fakhrai, J.H.G. van Roode, and L.E.Orgel, Journal of Molecular Evolution 17:295-302 (1981).
13 D.E. Green and R.F.Goldberger, Molecular Insights into the Living Process, Academic Press, New York, 1967, p. 407.
14 G.L.Steblins, Bioscience 17:83 (1967). [Курсив наш].
15 Vincent Demoulin, Science 205:1036-1038 (1979).
16 T.E.Meyer, R.G.Bartsch, M.D.Kamen, R. P. Ambler, Margaret Daniel and J.Hermoso, Nature 278:659-660 (1979).
17 P.P. Ambler, T.E.Meyer, and M.D.Kamen, Nature 278:661-662 (1979).
18 H.Drucker, E.B.Toysil, L.L.Campbell, G.H. Barlow, and E.Margoliash, Biochemistry 9:1515 (1970).
19 R.V.Eck and M.O.Dayhoff, Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure 1966, National Biomedical Research Foundation, Silver Springs, MD, 1966, p. 110.
20 Ibid., p. 191.
21 Ibid., p. 170.
22 M.G.Grutter, L.H. Weaver, and B.W.Matthews, Nature 303:828-831 (1983).
23 J.H-Schwartz, Nature 308:501-505 (1984).
24 J.A.King, Science 206:67-69 (1979).
25 Christian Schwabe and Gregory Warr, Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, 27 (3), Spring 1984, pp. 165-485 — Christian Schwabe, Trends in Biochemical Sciences (July 1986).
26 Reference 2, pp. 274-307
27 Ibid., p. 278.
28 Ibid., p. 291.
29 Emile Zuckerkandl, Scientific American 212 (5):111 (1965).
30 Reference 2, p. 306.
31 D.E. Green and R.F.Goldberger, Molecular Insights into the Living Process, Academic Press, New York, 1967, p. 407.
32 James T.Darnell, Science 202:1257-1260 (1978).
33 S.J.Gould, Natural History, October 1976, pp. 24-30.
34 Tom Bethell, Harper's Magazine 252 (1509):70-75 (Feb. 1976).
35 R.H.Brady, Systematic Zoology 28:600-621 (1979).
36 D.M.Raup and S.M.Stanley, Principles of Paleontology, W.H. Freeman, New York, 1978.
37 См., например, D.T.Gish, Evolution: The Challenge of the Fossil Record, Master Books, El Cajon, CA, 1985, pp. 247-250.
38 D.M.Raup, Field Museum of Natural History Bulletin, 50:22 (1979).
39 Например, см. Е.Мауг, The Growth of Biological Thought, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1982, p. 282.
40 Roger Lewin, Science 234:1500 (1986).
41 Roger Lewin, Science 214:42 (1981).
42 G.G.Simpson, Principles of Animal Taxonomy, Oxford University Press, London, 1961, p. 90.
44 D.T.Gish, Evolution: The Fossils Say No! 3rd Edition, Creation — Life Publishers, San Diego, 1979, pp. 36-37.
45 D.T.Gish, Evolution: The Challenge of the Fossil Record, Master Books, El Cajon, CA, 1985, pp. 247-250.
46 A.S.Romer, Vertebrate Paleontology, 3 rd Ed., Chicago University Press, Chicago, 1966.
47 Colin Patterson, «Cladistics», in The Pattern of Nature, pp. 110-120. Статья впервые вышла в Biologist 27:234-240 (1980).
48 Colin Patterson, ibid., p. 118.
49 Colin Patterson, ibid., p. 119.
50 John Beatty, Systematic Zoology 31 (1):29 (1982).
51 John Beatty, ibid., p. 30.
52 Ernst Mayr, Animal Species and Evolution, The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1966, p. 8.
53 E.Mayr, ibid., p. 176.
54 G.G.Simpson, The Meaning of Evolution, Yale University Press, New Haven, 1949, pp. 218-219.
55 G.G.Simpson, ibid., p. 159.
56 Murray Eden, in Mathematical Challenges to the Neo-Darwinian Interpretation of Evolution, Wistar Institute Press, Philadelphia, 1967, p. 109.
57 S.J.Gould, Natural History 95:27 (October 1986).
58 Soren Lovtrup, Darwinism: The Refutation of a Myth, Croom Helm, New York, 1987, p. 422.
59 P.E.Raymond, Prehistoric Life, 5th Ed., Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1967, p. 184.
60 D.T.Gish, Evolution: The Fossils Say No!, 3rd Edition, Creation-Life Publishers, San Diego, 1979, pp. 36-37.
61 Leigh Van Valen, «Review of Evolutionary Biology Vol. 6», Science 180:488 (1973).
62 D.T.Gish, Evolution: The Fossils Say No!, pp. 165-166.
63 G.G.Simpson, The Meaning of Evolution, Yale University Press, New Haven, 1949, p. 231.
64 D.M.Raup and S.M.Stanley, Principles of Paleontology, W.H. Freeman and Co., San Francisco, 1971, p. 306.
65 J.C.Whitcomb and H.M.Morris, The Genesis Flood, The Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Co., Philadelphia, 1961, pp. 79-86.
66 G.L.Jepsen, Science 154:1333-1338 (1966).
67 M.J.Novacek, Nature 315:140-141 (1985).
68 G.G.Simpson, in Evolution of Life, Sol Tax, Ed., University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1960, p. 149.
69 Niles Eldredge, The Monkey Business, Washington Square Press, New York, 1982, p. 65.
70 R.B.Goldschmidt, American Scientist АО-37 (1952).
71 Preston Cloud, The Humanist, Jan./Feb. 1977.
72 J.W.Valentine, «The Evolution of Complex Animals», in What Darwin Began, L.R.Godfrey, Ed., Allyn and Bacon, Inc., Boston, 1985, p. 263.
73 D.T.Gish, Evolution: The Challenge of the Fossil Record, Master Books, El Cajon, CA, 1985, pp. 247-250.
74 D.G.Kitts, Evolution, 28:466 (1974).
75 S.J.Gould, Discover, May 1981, pp. 34-37.
76 H.M.Morris, Scientific Creationism, Creation-Life Publishers, San Diego, 1974.
77 P.-P.Grasse, Evolution of Living Organisms, Academic Press, New York, 1977, p. 4.
78 H.M.Morris, Scientific Creationism, Creation-Life Publishers, San Diego, 1974, p. 135.
79 G.A.Kerkut, Implications of Evolution, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1960, p. 134.
80 H.M.Morris, Impact, Series No. 48, Institute for Creation Research, El Cajon, CA, 1977.
81 G.J. Nelson, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 167:27 (1969).
82 J. E. O'Rourke, American Journal of Science 276:51-52 (1976).
83 J.E.O'Rourke, ibid., p. 47.
84 H.M.Morris, Impact, Series No. 48, Institute for Creation Research, El Cajon, CA, 1977, p. II.
85 D.G.Kitts, Evolution 28:466 (1974).
86 W.B.N.Berry, Growth of a Prehistoric Time Scale, Based of Organic Evolution, W.H. Freeman, San Francisco, 1968.
87 A.J.Kelso, Physical Anthropology, 2nd Ed., J.B.Lippincott, New York, 1974, p. 142.
88 C.B.G.Campbell, Science 153:436 (1966).
89 R.D.Martin, Natural History 91:26-32 (1982).
90 P.D.Gingerich, American Journal of Science 276:1-28 (1976).
91 См. A.J.Kelso, Physical Anthropology, 2nd Ed., J.B.Lippincott, New York, 1974, pp. 150-151.
92 D.R.Pilbeam, Nature 295:232 (1982); W. Herbert, Science News 121:84 (1982); D.R.Pilbeam, Natural History 93:2 (1984)
93 См. B.Rensberger, Science 84 5(1):16 (1984).
94 D.R.Pilbeam, Natural History 93:2 (1984).
95 B.Rensberger, Science 84 5 (1):16 (1984).
96 D.R.Pilbeam, The Evolution of Man, Funk and Wagnalls, New York, 1970, p. 99.
97 S.Zuckerman, Beyond the Ivory Tower, Taplinger Pub. Co., New York, 1970, pp. 75-94; C.E.Oxnard, Nature 258: 389-395 (1975); C-E.Oxnard, The Order of Man, Yale University Press, New Haven, 1984.
99 C.E.Oxnard, The Order of Man, Yale University Press, New Haven 1984, p. 320.
100 C.E.Oxnard, The Order of Man, Yale University Press, New Haven, 1984, p. 328.
101 H.M. Morris, Scientific Creationism, 2nd Ed., Creation-Life Publishers, El Cajon, CA, 1985, p. 190.
102 Hans Halbaek, Science 130:365 (1959).
103 Halet Campbel and Robert J.Briadwood, Scientific American 222 (March 1970, p. 52).
104 R.H.Dyson, Jr., Science 144:674 (1964).
105 Solly Zuckerman, Biyong the Ivory Tower, Taplinger Pub Co New York, 1970, p. 64.